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- .PA0
- Spread Sheet Help File - Select Choice or Press Esc to Quit
-
- 1 - Cursor Controls
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- 2 - Cell Information
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- 3 - Math Operators and sample formulas
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- 4 - Linking Spread Sheets
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- 5 - Built-In Functions
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- 6 - Special Functions for Look up tables lists
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- 7 - Enter data and creating graphic bars
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- 8 - Summary of the Command and Function Menu
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- .PA
- .PA1
- Cursor Commands/Controls:
-
- Move up one cell = Ctrl-E : Move up one cell = <Up arrow> key
- Move to the left = Ctrl-S : Move to the Left = <left arrow> key
-
- Move down one cell = Ctrl-X : Move down one cell = <down arrow> key
- Move one cell right = Ctrl-D : Move one cell right = <right arrow> key
-
- Delete Character = Ctrl-G : Delete Character = <del> key
- Delete Caracter Left = Ctrl-H : Delete Caracter Left= <backspace> key
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- Move down 20 lines = Ctrl-C : Move down 20 lines = <Pg Down> key
- Move up 20 lines = Ctrl-R : Move up 20 lines = <Pg Up> key
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- Move to Top of Sheet = Ctrl-A : Move to Top of sheet= <Home> key
- Move to End of used = Ctrl-F : Move to End of used = <End> key
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- Copy single cell with "Ctrl-Y" and Recall copied cell with "Ctrl-P"
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- Press "Ctrl-G" to switch background lines (boxes) on and off.
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- .PA2
- Cell Info:
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- Cells may contain numbers, a formula, text or grahic characters.
- The cell type, its coordinates and contents if it is numeric or a
- formula are shown at the bottom left corner on the screen.
-
- Example:
- A 5 Value: (A1:A4)
- This means that the current cell is A5 and that it
- contains a value resulting from formula that adds all
- the cells from A1 thru A4. The result of the formula
- is shown at the cell location.
-
- A10 Text:
- This means that Cell A10 contains text or is empty. The
- actual text is shown only at the cell loaction.
-
- A12 Value: 1000
- This means that Cell A12 is a value cell containing a number
- The result or number is also show at the cell location.
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- .PA3
- Math Operators Example
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- addition: '+' (A10 + A11)
- multiplication: '*' (A10 * 1.5)
- subtraction: '-' (A10 - A11)
- division: '/' (A10 / A12)
-
- To raise a number to any power use the up caret, '^',
- ie.. (2^10) will raise the number '2' to the '10th power'.
- The character ':' (colon) is used to denote a range of cells
- to add, ie..(A1 : A5) means to add and total all cells A1 thru A5.
-
- (A1+(B2-C7)) Subtracts cell C7 from B2 and adds the result to cell A1
- ((A1:A22)/22) The sum total of cells: 'A1 thru A22' divided by 22.
- (A1:B5) The sum total of cells: 'A1 thru A5 and B1 thru B5'
- (A1*(1.072^10)) Multiplys cell A1 by the result of 1.072 to
- the 10th power. This is a future value formula.
-
- Note: Nested or mulitiple operations MUST be contained in parentheses
- or your result may not be accurate! Reveiw the above examples.
- .PA
- .PA4
- Linking Spread Sheets:
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- A cell may reference another cell contained in a prior sheet by
- Linking to the prior sheet. Linking is accomplished by pressing
- "Ctrl-L" and typing in the name of the sheet you want linked. You
- are prompted for the cell reference (ie E12) on the linked sheet.
-
- You may not edit linked sheets. To make changes, you must delete
- the linked info and re-link. Linked data is loaded from prior sheets
- at the time of linking or when ever a sheet is loaded that uses the
- linking function.
-
- Be sure you know the correct cell coordinate for the data on the
- sheet that you want to link to before performing the link.
-
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- .PA5
- Built-in Functions:
- The following built-in functions are available:
- Example Purpose/Description
-
- ABS(cell ref) - Returns the Absolute Value of a number
- INT(cell ref) - Returns the Integer Value of a number
- SQRT(cell ref) - Finds the Square Root of a number
- SQR(cell ref) - Returns the Square of a number
- LN(cell ref) - Returns the Natural Logarithm of a number
- LOG(cell ref) - Results in the Logarithm (base 10) of a number
- EXP(cell ref) - Returns 2.71828 to the Power of a number
-
- AVG(cell ref : Cell Ref) - Averages the total of all cells within the
- cell references. Blank cells are not counted.
-
- Note: that the next functions are not preceded by any characters.
-
- (cell ref : cell ref) - Sums the Total all cells within the references.
- (cell ref < cell ref) - Returns the lessor value of the references.
- (cell ref > cell ref) - Returns the greater value of the references.
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- .PA6
- Special Functions:
-
- CHOOSE(cell ref, cell ref : cell ref) - Choose will find the value in the
- "nth" item in a range of cells between "cell ref : cell ref" where the
- first cell ref following CHOOSE( is the counter for the "nth" location.
- A definiton for CHOOSE is: Choose the "nth" item in the following range.
-
- LOOKUP(cell ref, cell ref : cell ref) - Lookup will compare the value of
- the first cell reference following LOOKUP( to the values in the range
- listed in the next two cell references. When a value is found that is
- less than or equal to the initial lookup value, then the lookup function
- returns the value of the cell in the next column (same row) as the found
- value.
-
- Note: Neither the CHOOSE or LOOKUP functions may be used directly within
- a formula. However, you may reference a cell that uses LOOKUP or CHOOSE.
-
- Note: cell ref means the column and row for a cell ie "B15"
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- .PA7
-
- Entering Data (Text, Numbers, Formulas or Graphic characters):
-
- Function Keys F5, F7 and F9 create horizontal graphic bars
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- Function Keys F6, F8 and F10 create vertical graphic bars
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- To enter data move the cursor to the cell and type the desired data.
- Entering letters puts you in the text mode and numbers the numeric mode.
-
- To enter a formula in a cell begin by typing a left paren "(" followed
- by your formula. Pressing the "=" equals key allows you to enter a
- simple formula, such as single cell reference added to a number.
-
- Note: The only way to delete a formula is by pressing the <ESC> key
- while in the Edit Mode. When finished entering data press the <return>
- key. Pressing <return> also moves you to the next cell.
-
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- .PA8
- Summary of Commands:
- To display the "Function Prompts" Press the "/" key then press the
- Letter for the function desired. ie press "/L" to load a file.
-
- B Blanks the current cell and erases its contents.
- C Copies a cell to range of cells to another location.
- D Delete a row or column at the cursor location.
- E Allows you to Edit a cell and to delete formulas.
- F Formats cell or cells to # decimals or cell width.
- G Go directly to any cell desired.
- H Reads in this Help File from disk.
- I Inserts a blank row or column at cursor location.
- L Loads a prior spread sheet from disk.
- M Mode switch for automatic or manual recalculate.
- Q Quits the program.
- P Prints Sheet to printer or disk text file.
- R Recalculates the spread sheet.
- S Saves a spread sheet to disk data file.
- U Utilities for disk files and directories.
- V Views selected disk or logged sub directory.
- Z Zaps the sheet and clears all cells of data.